When diving into Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEBs), it’s crucial to understand the terminology involved. Whether you’re a seasoned professional or new to the PEB industry, this glossary will help you get familiar with essential terms and their significance in modern construction. At Kishore Infratech, we provide tailored PEB solutions, and a thorough understanding of these terms can ensure smoother project planning and execution.
Anchor Bolt Plan
The Anchor Bolt Plan is a detailed drawing that displays the size, location, and projection of all anchor bolts necessary for securing the PEB components. It may also include details like column reactions and base plate dimensions.
Assembly
In PEB construction, an assembly refers to a group of interconnected and dependent components or subassemblies that function together.
Auxiliary Crane Girder
This girder is arranged parallel to the main crane girder and is designed to support platforms, motor bases, control panels, and operator cabins, helping to reduce the torsional stress on the main crane girder.
Auxiliary Hoist
A secondary hoisting unit, typically designed to handle lighter loads at faster speeds compared to the primary crane hoist.
Bar Joist
This is a common term for Open Web Steel Joists, which are lightweight yet strong structural components used in floor and roof systems.
Base Angle/Channel
The base angle or channel is secured to a foundation or wall and is used to fasten the bottom of the wall panels.
Base Plate
A flat steel plate attached to the bottom of a column, resting on a foundation and usually secured by anchor bolts to provide stability.
Base Tube
This is a continuous structural member embedded in the foundation’s edge to which the wall panels are attached, ensuring stability and durability.
Bay
A bay is the space between two mainframes, measured perpendicular to the frames. Bay spacing influences the internal layout and load distribution.
Bearing Frame End Wall
This type of frame, often referred to as a “light end wall,” is designed to carry half-bay loads and consists of corner columns, wind columns, girts, and rafters.
Bearing Plate
A bearing plate is a steel plate placed on top of a masonry support to provide a resting surface for beams or purlins, helping distribute loads evenly.
Bird Screen
A mesh screen used in ventilators or louvers to prevent birds from entering the building while maintaining airflow.
Blind Rivet
A fastener with an expandable shank, typically used for joining lightweight metal components such as flashings and gutters.
Box Girder
A box girder refers to beams or girders with a rectangular cross-section, enclosed on all four sides, often used in bridge and crane construction.
Bracing
Bracing consists of rods, cables, or angles installed in the roof and wall planes to transfer loads such as wind or seismic forces to the foundation.
Bracket
A bracket is a projecting support that holds up structural members, such as those used for canopies or crane runways.
Bridging
A system of bracing that is installed between structural members to enhance stability and load distribution.
Building Aisle
The building aisle is the lengthwise space between columns in a building, often used for operational activities or material handling in industrial settings.
Built-Up Member/Section
A built-up member is typically an I-shaped section made by welding together flat steel plates. These are commonly used for primary framing in PEBs.
Built-Up Roofing
A type of roofing that involves multiple layers of tar or asphalt, offering enhanced waterproofing and durability for PEB structures.
Bumper
An energy-absorbing device that reduces impact when a moving crane or trolley reaches the end of its travel.
Butt Plate
A plate used to connect the end of a structural member to another member, often referred to as a splice plate or bolted end plate.
By-Pass Girt
Girts that overlap at the outer column flanges to create a continuous structural member.
C-Section
A C-section is a steel sheet component that is shaped like the letter “C.” It can be used individually or back-to-back for additional strength.
Camber
A slight upward curvature applied to beams or other structural members to counteract deflection from loads.
Cap Plate
A steel plate placed at the top of a column or beam to cap off the member and distribute loads effectively.
Caulking
The process of sealing joints and seams to make them watertight by using a weatherproof material.
Cladding
The metal sheets used as the outer skin for both walls and roofs in PEB structures, protecting the interior from weather conditions.
Clip
A steel plate or angle used to attach two or more structural members together.
Closure Strip
A closure strip is a resilient material shaped to match the contour of ribbed panels, used to seal gaps between panels and other building components.
Cold-Forming
The process of shaping steel at room temperature using press brakes or rolling mills to achieve the desired cross-sections for PEB components.
Component
A part or element used in the assembly of a Metal Building System, such as a purlin, girt, or panel.
Components and Cladding
For wind load considerations, components and cladding refer to parts of a building system that don’t contribute to the main wind force-resisting system, such as roof panels, girts, or fasteners.
Connection
The means by which one structural member is attached to another.
Continuity
A term used to describe the transfer of loads and stresses between connected structural members.
Continuous Girt or Purlin
These are girts or purlins that overlap at columns or frames, forming a continuous structural member that supports wall or roof coverings.
Continuous Ridge Vent
A series of connected roof ventilators located along the roof peak to facilitate ventilation throughout the building.
Corner Trim
A pre-formed sheet metal trim used to close off the junction between side and end wall panels.
Crane
A crane is a machine designed to move heavy materials within a building using a hoist mechanism.
Crane Aisle
The crane aisle refers to the portion of the building aisle where the crane operates.
Crane Girder
The main horizontal beams of a crane system, which support the trolley and other components.
Crane Rail
A track that guides and supports the wheels of a crane.
Crane Runway Beam
The beam that supports the crane rail and is itself supported by columns or rafters.
Crane Span
The horizontal distance between the centerlines of the runway beams.
Crane Stop
A device that limits the travel of a crane or trolley to prevent it from going beyond a certain point.
Crane Support Column
A separate column that supports the runway beam for a top-running crane system.
Curb
A raised edge on a concrete floor or roof, often used around roof accessories or openings.
Curtain Wall
Curtain walls are perimeter panels designed to carry only their own weight and wind loads, without supporting any roof or floor loads.
Damper
A device used to control airflow in ventilators.
Diaphragm Action
The resistance to racking or lateral forces, typically provided by roof or wall panels in conjunction with the structure to which they are attached.
Door Guide
A track or channel used to guide the movement of a sliding or rolling door.
Double-Faced Tape
An adhesive tape used for securing fiberglass blanket insulation to structural members like base angles or purlins.
Downspout
A conduit that carries rainwater from gutters to the ground or drainage system.
Drift (Side Sway)
The horizontal displacement of a building element under lateral loads, such as wind.
Drift Pin
A tapered pin used during erection to align holes in steel members for bolting.
Eave
The line where the roof and sidewall intersect. It marks the lowest point of the roof.
Eave Height
The vertical distance from the finished floor level to the eave of the building. This measurement is crucial in determining the overall height and clearances of a PEB.
Eave Purlin/Strut
A structural member located at the eave of the building, supporting both roof and wall panels, and transferring loads to the primary framing.
Eave Trim
A trim piece used to close off the top of sidewall panels where they meet the eave, often used instead of an eave gutter.
Erection
The on-site process of assembling all the Metal Building System components to form a complete structure.
Erection Drawings
Detailed drawings that outline how to assemble the roof and wall framing components, helping the erector ensure proper construction of the PEB system.
Erector
The team or individual responsible for assembling the Metal Building System on-site, following the Erection Drawings.
Expansion Joint
A gap or space in the structure that allows for thermal expansion and contraction, preventing damage due to temperature changes.
Fabrication
The process of manufacturing building components such as beams, columns, and purlins in a plant. This involves cutting, punching, welding, and painting steel members.
Façade
An architectural treatment applied to the building’s exterior to enhance its aesthetic appeal, often concealing the eave or rake.
Fascia
A decorative or protective panel attached to the face of a wall or eave to enhance the building’s appearance.
Fixed Base
A type of column base designed to resist both rotational and vertical/horizontal movements, ensuring the stability of the structure.
Flange
The projecting edge of a structural member such as a beam or column. The flange provides stability and strength to the section.
Flange Brace
A member used to laterally support the flange of a structural component, preventing it from buckling under load.
Flashing
A metal closure used to seal joints and seams, ensuring the building remains weather-tight.
Frame
The primary steel structure of the building, typically consisting of columns and rafters that support secondary framing and cladding.
Framed Opening
An opening in the building, often for doors or windows, that is reinforced with framing members and flashings to maintain the structure’s integrity.
Gable
The triangular portion of the end wall between the eave and the ridge of the roof, formed by sloping roof planes.
Gable Angle
An angle attached to the purlins at the gable, used for attaching end wall panels.
Gage
The distance between holes punched in structural members like flanges, base plates, or splice plates.
Gantry Crane
A crane that operates on a pair of fixed rails, often supported by legs, and used for lifting heavy loads across a wide area.
Girder
A large horizontal structural member designed to support vertical loads. Girders are typically used to support beams or roof systems.
Girt
A horizontal structural member attached to the building’s columns. Girts support the wall panels and help transfer loads to the primary structure.
Grade
The ground elevation or surface level around a building.
Grout
A mixture of cement, sand, and water, used to fill gaps or cracks, and sometimes placed under base plates to create a uniform bearing surface.
Gusset Plate
A steel plate used to connect and reinforce structural elements at joints, providing additional strength and stability.
Gutter
A light gauge metal member installed at the eaves or valleys to collect and direct rainwater into downspouts.
Hair Pin
A “V” shaped reinforcing steel member used to transfer shear forces from anchor bolts to the concrete foundation.
Haunch
The deepened portion of a column or rafter designed to accommodate higher bending moments, usually at the point where columns and rafters meet.
Haunch Brace
A diagonal member that prevents lateral buckling at the haunch area where the column and rafter meet.
Header
A horizontal framing member located above door and window openings to support the weight of structural elements above.
Hip Roof
A roof design where all four sides slope downward to the walls, forming a hip at each corner.
Hoist
A mechanical device used to lift heavy loads, typically mounted on a trolley that travels along a bridge or monorail.
Hot-Rolled Shapes
Steel sections like beams or angles that are formed by rolling mills while the steel is in a semi-molten state, used in structural applications.
Impact Wrench
A power tool designed to tighten or loosen nuts and bolts quickly, often used during steel erection.
Inner Liner
A secondary layer of metal wall panels installed on the interior side of the building to provide additional insulation and protection.
Inside Corner Trim
A trim piece used to seal and finish the inside corners where two walls meet.
Insulation
Any material used to reduce heat transfer in building walls and roofs, improving the building’s energy efficiency.
Jack Beam
A beam used to support another beam or truss, eliminating the need for additional columns.
Jack Truss
A truss used to support a beam or truss, designed to eliminate the need for vertical support columns.
Jamb
The vertical framing members at the sides of door or window openings.
Jib Crane
A type of crane with a horizontal beam that can lift loads in a circular area around the supporting column.
Jig
A fixture used to hold materials in place during fabrication, ensuring accurate and consistent assembly.
Joist
A lightweight horizontal member used to support the floor or roof of a building, transferring loads to beams or walls.
Knee
The connection point between a column and a rafter in a structural frame, typically reinforced to handle high stresses.
Knee Brace
A diagonal brace is installed at the knee joint between a column and a rafter, providing additional resistance to horizontal loads.
Levelling Plate
A steel plate is placed on top of a foundation or other support to create a level surface for a column to rest on.
Liner Panel
A metal panel installed on the inside of the building, typically attached to the girts or inside of the wall panels for extra insulation or durability.
Lip
A flange stiffener is found on cold-formed sections, adding strength to the structure.
Low Rise Building
A building typically less than 60 feet in eave height, commonly single-story but may include up to four stories.
Main Frame
The primary structure of a building, is made up of columns and rafters that support secondary framing members and transfer loads to the foundation.
Mastic
A weatherproof material, also known as a sealant, used to seal cracks, joints, or laps in building components.
Masonry
Construction materials like bricks, concrete blocks, or stones used in building walls or foundations.
Mezzanine
An intermediate floor level in a building, located between the main floor and the ceiling, typically covering part of the floor space.
Mezzanine Beam
A primary structural beam supporting a mezzanine floor.
Mezzanine Joist
Secondary framing members that support the mezzanine floor deck.
Moment Connection
A type of connection designed to transfer bending moments, shear forces, and axial loads between connected structural members.
Monitors
A structure located above the ridge of a roof, is typically used for ventilation or additional natural light.
Mullions
Vertical framing members that separate windows or doors placed side by side.
Multi-Gable Building
A building design that includes more than one gable across the width of the structure.
Multi-Span Building
A building design with multiple spans across its width, is often supported by interior columns.
Nibbler
A power tool used to cut steel sheets, typically for creating openings in wall or roof panels.
Peak
The highest point of a gable roof, where the two sloping sides meet.
Peak Box
A pre-engineered trim piece is located at the peak of a roof to protect and cover the connection point.
Piece Mark
A unique identification number or code is assigned to each part of a building for use during erection.
Pinned Base
A column base designed to resist both horizontal and vertical movement but not rotation.
Pin Connection
A connection that transfers only axial and shear forces between structural members, but not bending moments.
Pitch
The slope of a roof, is typically expressed as the ratio of the vertical rise to the horizontal run (e.g., a 4:12 pitch means 4 inches of rise for every 12 inches of run).
Pop Rivet
A small-headed fastener with an expandable shank, used to join light gauge metal components such as flashings and gutters.
Portal Frame
A rigid frame designed to resist loads, providing rigidity and stability within its plane. It is commonly used where other bracing methods are restricted.
Purlin
A horizontal structural member that supports the roof deck, transferring loads to the primary structural frames.
Purlin Strut
An additional purlin installed near the intersection of wind bracing members, typically at the rigid frame, to provide extra stability.
Rafter
A primary beam supporting the roof system, transferring loads to the columns and forming part of the primary structural frame.
Reactions
The forces generated at the column bases as a result of the loads acting on the building, holding the structure in equilibrium.
Reinforcing Steel
Steel is embedded in concrete to help carry tensile, compressive, and shear stresses.
Ridge
The horizontal line is formed by the meeting of two opposing sloping roof surfaces.
Ridge Panel
A covering material installed at the ridge of the roof, sometimes referred to as ridge flashing, is designed to provide a weather-tight seal at the peak of the roof.
Rigid Frame
A structural frame consisting of members connected with moment-resisting joints, making it stable against design loads without the need for additional bracing.
Roll-Up Door
A door that opens by rolling vertically along a track.
Roof Slope
The angle at which a roof surface rises from the horizontal. It is typically expressed as a ratio of rise to horizontal distance, known as the roof pitch.
Sag Member
A tension member, such as rods or straps, is used to limit deflection in a purlin or girt by adding support along its weaker axis.
Sandwich Panels
Panels consisting of an insulating core sandwiched between two metal skins, are used in PEBs for improved thermal efficiency and strength.
Screeding
The process of leveling concrete by striking off excess material to ensure a flat and smooth surface.
Sealant
A weatherproof material used to seal cracks, joints, or laps in metal building components to prevent air or water infiltration.
Secondary Framing
Members, such as purlins and girts, support the building’s surface coverings and transfer loads to the primary framing.
Self-Drilling Screw
A fastener that combines the functions of drilling and tapping, often used in attaching cladding to steel framing without pre-drilling.
Self-Tapping Screw
A screw that creates its own threads in a pre-drilled hole, securing materials together.
Sheeting Angle or Eave Angle
An angle is used to secure wall or roof panels at the eave of a building.
Shims
Thin pieces of material used to adjust the level or alignment of structural components during construction.
Side Wall
An exterior wall that runs perpendicular to the building’s primary frames.
Single Span
A structural system without intermediate supports across the width, allows for uninterrupted interior space.
Skylight
A roof-mounted accessory used to admit natural light into a building, typically installed in a framed opening.
Slide Door
A door that opens by sliding horizontally along a track, is commonly used in PEBs for easy access.
Snug Tight
The term is used to describe the tightness of a bolt when all connected parts are firmly in contact, without significant rotation or movement.
Soil Pressure
The load exerted by the building’s foundation on the underlying soil. It must be carefully considered to prevent settlement or shifting of the structure.
Span
The distance between two support points, such as beams or trusses.
Splice
A connection between two sections of a structural member, used when the length of a member exceeds transport or fabrication limits.
Splice Plate
A steel plate used to join two sections of a structural member.
Spud Wrench
A tool used by steel erectors to align holes and tighten bolts. It typically features a tapered handle for easy alignment of connections.
Steel Line
The outside perimeter of a steel structure, often aligned with the interior of wall panels.
Stiffener
A structural element, such as a flat bar, used to strengthen a plate against lateral or local buckling.
Stitch Screw
A fastener used to join side lap panels together for added stability and strength in a metal building system.
Stress
A measure of the load on a structural member, expressed as force per unit area. It is an essential factor in structural design.
Strut
A structural member installed to resist compressive forces within a framework.
Sweep
The amount of deviation from straightness in a structural member, measured perpendicular to its web.
Tapered Members
Steel members fabricated with a variable depth web, optimized to reduce material usage while maintaining strength where it’s most needed.
Tie
A structural member designed to resist tensile forces.
Torque Wrench
A tool used to apply a specific amount of torque to a bolt or nut, ensuring that connections are properly tightened to withstand loads.
Trim
Light-gauge metal components used to finish a building, particularly around openings, intersections, and edges, often referred to as flashing.
Truss
A structure made from three or more members, usually in triangular configurations, that distributes loads efficiently. Each member in the truss is either in tension or compression.
Turn-of-the-Nut Method
A method used to pre-tension high-strength bolts by turning the nut from a “snug tight” position to a specific rotation, ensuring the correct bolt tension.
Uplift
A type of wind load that exerts an upward force on a building’s roof or other horizontal surfaces.
Valley Gutter
A channel installed at the junction of two roof slopes to direct water to the building’s drainage system.
Vapour Barrier
A material used to prevent the passage of moisture, helping to avoid condensation within the building’s walls and roof system.
Wainscot
A section of wall paneling used on the lower portion of a wall, often made of a different material than the upper wall for aesthetic or functional purposes.
Web
The part of a beam or structural member that connects the flanges, resisting shear forces and transferring loads.
Web Members
The members connecting the top and bottom chords of a truss, usually in a triangular configuration.
Wind Bent
A structural bracing system used in sidewalls when diagonal brace rods are not permitted.
Wind Column
A vertical member designed to withstand horizontal forces caused by wind.
Wind Load
The load or force exerted on a building’s surface due to wind. This is a critical factor in the structural design of PEBs.
Z-Section
A steel member that is cold-formed into the shape of a “Z”, commonly used in PEB systems for purlins and girts, providing strength and stability.
Why Choose Kishore Infratech for Your PEB Projects?
At Kishore Infratech, we offer high-quality Pre-Engineered Building (PEB) solutions designed with precision and efficiency. Understanding the terminology associated with PEBs allows us to streamline the design, fabrication, and erection processes, ensuring that we deliver projects on time and within budget.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the typical lifespan of a PEB structure?
A properly maintained PEB structure can last up to 50 years or more, depending on the materials and environmental conditions.
How does a PEB structure compare to conventional buildings?
PEBs offer faster construction times, cost savings, and greater design flexibility compared to conventional construction methods.
Can PEB structures be expanded?
Yes, one of the key benefits of PEBs is their flexibility. They can easily be expanded or modified to accommodate future growth or changes in usage.
People Also Ask
1. What does PEB stand for in construction?
PEB stands for Pre-Engineered Buildings, which are factory-fabricated steel structures designed to be assembled on-site. These buildings are cost-effective, quick to build, and highly customizable for industrial, commercial, and institutional purposes.
2. What is the difference between primary and secondary framing in PEB?
Primary framing consists of the main structural elements like columns and rafters that support the building’s overall weight. Secondary framing includes components like purlins, girts, and eave struts, which support the roof and wall panels but do not bear heavy structural loads.
3. What is the role of bracing in PEB construction?
Bracing systems in PEBs consist of rods, cables, or angles that provide lateral stability and transfer loads like wind or seismic forces to the foundation. They help maintain the building’s structural integrity under various load conditions.
4. How does a PEB structure save time compared to traditional construction?
PEB structures are pre-fabricated, meaning that the components are manufactured off-site and delivered ready for assembly. This minimizes construction time, reduces on-site labor, and eliminates weather-related delays, making PEB projects faster to complete than traditional methods.
5. What are the advantages of using crane systems in PEBs?
Crane systems, such as Electric Overhead Traveling (E.O.T.) cranes, are often integrated into PEB structures to assist with material handling in industrial environments. They improve operational efficiency by allowing for easy movement of heavy loads within the building.
6. What is the function of an anchor bolt in PEB construction?
Anchor bolts secure the primary steel columns of a PEB to the foundation. They ensure that the structure is firmly attached to the ground, providing stability and resisting lateral forces like wind and seismic activity.
7. Can PEB buildings be customized for different applications?
Yes, PEBs are highly customizable and can be tailored for various applications, including warehouses, industrial sheds, offices, and retail spaces. They offer flexibility in design, allowing for modifications like adding mezzanines, crane systems, and custom wall and roof panels.
8. How does PEB roofing differ from traditional roofing?
PEB roofing typically uses metal roof panels, which are lightweight, durable, and easy to install. These panels are supported by purlins and are designed to provide a weather-tight, long-lasting roof that can withstand various environmental conditions.
9. What are sandwich panels in PEB construction?
Sandwich panels are used in PEBs as insulation material, consisting of an insulating core sandwiched between two layers of metal. These panels provide thermal insulation and strength while being lightweight and easy to install.
10. What is the purpose of girts in a PEB structure?
Girts are horizontal structural members attached to columns in a PEB, supporting the wall panels. They distribute loads from the wall coverings to the building’s primary structure and provide lateral support.
Why Choose Kishore Industries for Your Next Pre-Engineered Building (PEB) Project – Top PEB Companies in Hyderabad
Experience Spanning Over Four Decades
Established in 1980 by Mr. V. Nanda Kishore, Kishore Industries began as a modest sheet metal fabrication unit in Musheerabad, Hyderabad. With unwavering dedication and a commitment to quality, we have grown exponentially, acquiring our own facilities through the Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation (APIIC) and expanding our services across multiple sectors.
Diverse Expertise and Quality Assurance
- Electrical Panel Manufacturing: Our panels, tested and certified by CPRI, Bangalore, have become a trusted name, especially in the rice milling sector.
- Food Processing Machinery Accessories: We have a rich history of producing durable couplings, storage hoppers, and cyclone sets, showcasing our versatility in manufacturing.
- Solar Power Generation: As one of the select companies under the Jawaharlal Nehru Solar Power Mission Scheme, we operate a 1 MW solar power plant in Guntur, emphasizing our commitment to sustainable solutions.
Specialization in Pre-Engineered Buildings
Recognizing the evolving needs of the construction industry, we established Kishore Infratech Private Limited (KIPL). Led by experienced professionals, including Mr. Balraj, a qualified civil engineer, KIPL specializes in designing and manufacturing high-quality Pre-Engineered Buildings with a state-of-the-art facility in Cherlapally, Hyderabad.
Why Kishore Industries is the Ideal Partner for Your PEB Project
- Proven Track Record: Decades of consistent growth and successful projects across various industries.
- Quality and Innovation: Commitment to using the best materials and latest technologies to deliver durable and efficient PEB solutions.
- Expert Team: A blend of seasoned engineers and skilled professionals dedicated to excellence.
- Customer-Centric Approach: Tailored solutions that meet your specific needs, ensuring satisfaction and value for investment.
- End-to-End Services: Comprehensive support from design and fabrication to installation and after-sales service.
